Commit graph

28 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Jens Axboe
ce5f8e7795 writeback: splice dirty inode entries to default bdi on bdi_destroy()
We cannot safely ensure that the inodes are all gone at this point
in time, and we must not destroy this bdi with inodes having off it.
So just splice our entries to the default bdi since that one will
always persist.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-16 15:18:52 +02:00
Jens Axboe
cfc4ba5365 writeback: use RCU to protect bdi_list
Now that bdi_writeback_all() no longer handles integrity writeback,
it doesn't have to block anymore. This means that we can switch
bdi_list reader side protection to RCU.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-16 15:18:51 +02:00
Jens Axboe
500b067c5e writeback: check for registered bdi in flusher add and inode dirty
Also a debugging aid. We want to catch dirty inodes being added to
backing devices that don't do writeback.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-11 09:20:26 +02:00
Jens Axboe
d993831fa7 writeback: add name to backing_dev_info
This enables us to track who does what and print info. Its main use
is catching dirty inodes on the default_backing_dev_info, so we can
fix that up.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-11 09:20:26 +02:00
Jens Axboe
f09b00d3e7 writeback: add some debug inode list counters to bdi stats
Add some debug entries to be able to inspect the internal state of
the writeback details.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-11 09:20:26 +02:00
Jens Axboe
03ba3782e8 writeback: switch to per-bdi threads for flushing data
This gets rid of pdflush for bdi writeout and kupdated style cleaning.
pdflush writeout suffers from lack of locality and also requires more
threads to handle the same workload, since it has to work in a
non-blocking fashion against each queue. This also introduces lumpy
behaviour and potential request starvation, since pdflush can be starved
for queue access if others are accessing it. A sample ffsb workload that
does random writes to files is about 8% faster here on a simple SATA drive
during the benchmark phase. File layout also seems a LOT more smooth in
vmstat:

 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in    cs us sy id wa
 0  1      0 608848   2652 375372    0    0     0 71024  604    24  1 10 48 42
 0  1      0 549644   2712 433736    0    0     0 60692  505    27  1  8 48 44
 1  0      0 476928   2784 505192    0    0     4 29540  553    24  0  9 53 37
 0  1      0 457972   2808 524008    0    0     0 54876  331    16  0  4 38 58
 0  1      0 366128   2928 614284    0    0     4 92168  710    58  0 13 53 34
 0  1      0 295092   3000 684140    0    0     0 62924  572    23  0  9 53 37
 0  1      0 236592   3064 741704    0    0     4 58256  523    17  0  8 48 44
 0  1      0 165608   3132 811464    0    0     0 57460  560    21  0  8 54 38
 0  1      0 102952   3200 873164    0    0     4 74748  540    29  1 10 48 41
 0  1      0  48604   3252 926472    0    0     0 53248  469    29  0  7 47 45

where vanilla tends to fluctuate a lot in the creation phase:

 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in    cs us sy id wa
 1  1      0 678716   5792 303380    0    0     0 74064  565    50  1 11 52 36
 1  0      0 662488   5864 319396    0    0     4   352  302   329  0  2 47 51
 0  1      0 599312   5924 381468    0    0     0 78164  516    55  0  9 51 40
 0  1      0 519952   6008 459516    0    0     4 78156  622    56  1 11 52 37
 1  1      0 436640   6092 541632    0    0     0 82244  622    54  0 11 48 41
 0  1      0 436640   6092 541660    0    0     0     8  152    39  0  0 51 49
 0  1      0 332224   6200 644252    0    0     4 102800  728    46  1 13 49 36
 1  0      0 274492   6260 701056    0    0     4 12328  459    49  0  7 50 43
 0  1      0 211220   6324 763356    0    0     0 106940  515    37  1 10 51 39
 1  0      0 160412   6376 813468    0    0     0  8224  415    43  0  6 49 45
 1  1      0  85980   6452 886556    0    0     4 113516  575    39  1 11 54 34
 0  2      0  85968   6452 886620    0    0     0  1640  158   211  0  0 46 54

A 10 disk test with btrfs performs 26% faster with per-bdi flushing. A
SSD based writeback test on XFS performs over 20% better as well, with
the throughput being very stable around 1GB/sec, where pdflush only
manages 750MB/sec and fluctuates wildly while doing so. Random buffered
writes to many files behave a lot better as well, as does random mmap'ed
writes.

A separate thread is added to sync the super blocks. In the long term,
adding sync_supers_bdi() functionality could get rid of this thread again.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-11 09:20:25 +02:00
Jens Axboe
66f3b8e2e1 writeback: move dirty inodes from super_block to backing_dev_info
This is a first step at introducing per-bdi flusher threads. We should
have no change in behaviour, although sb_has_dirty_inodes() is now
ridiculously expensive, as there's no easy way to answer that question.
Not a huge problem, since it'll be deleted in subsequent patches.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-11 09:20:25 +02:00
Jens Axboe
8aa7e847d8 Fix congestion_wait() sync/async vs read/write confusion
Commit 1faa16d228 accidentally broke
the bdi congestion wait queue logic, causing us to wait on congestion
for WRITE (== 1) when we really wanted BLK_RW_ASYNC (== 0) instead.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-07-10 20:31:53 +02:00
Jens Axboe
1faa16d228 block: change the request allocation/congestion logic to be sync/async based
This makes sure that we never wait on async IO for sync requests, instead
of doing the split on writes vs reads.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-04-06 08:04:53 -07:00
Jens Axboe
26160158d3 Move the default_backing_dev_info out of readahead.c and into backing-dev.c
It really makes no sense to have it in readahead.c, so move it where
it belongs.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-03-26 11:01:33 +01:00
Linus Torvalds
f94181da71 Merge branch 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip
* 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
  rcu: fix rcutorture bug
  rcu: eliminate synchronize_rcu_xxx macro
  rcu: make treercu safe for suspend and resume
  rcu: fix rcutree grace-period-latency bug on small systems
  futex: catch certain assymetric (get|put)_futex_key calls
  futex: make futex_(get|put)_key() calls symmetric
  locking, percpu counters: introduce separate lock classes
  swiotlb: clean up EXPORT_SYMBOL usage
  swiotlb: remove unnecessary declaration
  swiotlb: replace architecture-specific swiotlb.h with linux/swiotlb.h
  swiotlb: add support for systems with highmem
  swiotlb: store phys address in io_tlb_orig_addr array
  swiotlb: add hwdev to swiotlb_phys_to_bus() / swiotlb_sg_to_bus()
2009-01-06 17:10:04 -08:00
David Rientjes
364aeb2849 mm: change dirty limit type specifiers to unsigned long
The background dirty and dirty limits are better defined with type
specifiers of unsigned long since negative writeback thresholds are not
possible.

These values, as returned by get_dirty_limits(), are normally compared
with ZVC values to determine whether writeback shall commence or be
throttled.  Such page counts cannot be negative, so declaring the page
limits as signed is unnecessary.

Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Righi <righi.andrea@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-01-06 15:59:02 -08:00
Ingo Molnar
fdbc0450df Merge branches 'core/futexes', 'core/locking', 'core/rcu' and 'linus' into core/urgent 2009-01-06 09:32:11 +01:00
Peter Zijlstra
ea319518ba locking, percpu counters: introduce separate lock classes
Impact: fix lockdep false positives

Classify percpu_counter instances similar to regular lock objects --
that is, per instantiation site.

The networking code has increased its use of percpu_counters, which
leads to false positives if they are treated as a single class.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-12-29 13:43:00 +01:00
Andrew Morton
69fc208be5 mm/backing-dev.c: remove recently-added WARN_ON()
On second thoughts, this is just going to disturb people while telling us
things which we already knew.

Cc: Peter Korsgaard <jacmet@sunsite.dk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-12-10 08:01:52 -08:00
Kay Sievers
f1d0b063d9 bdi: register sysfs bdi device only once per queue
Devices which share the same queue, like floppies and mtd devices, get
registered multiple times in the bdi interface, but bdi accounts only the
last registered device of the devices sharing one queue.

On remove, all earlier registered devices leak, stay around in sysfs, and
cause "duplicate filename" errors if the devices are re-created.

This prevents the creation of multiple bdi interfaces per queue, and the
bdi device will carry the dev_t name of the block device which is the
first one registered, of the pool of devices using the same queue.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add a WARN_ON so we know which drivers are misbehaving]
Tested-by: Peter Korsgaard <jacmet@sunsite.dk>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-12-02 15:50:40 -08:00
Greg Kroah-Hartman
19051c5035 mm: bdi: fix race in bdi_class device creation
There is a race from when a device is created with device_create() and
then the drvdata is set with a call to dev_set_drvdata() in which a
sysfs file could be open, yet the drvdata will be NULL, causing all
sorts of bad things to happen.

This patch fixes the problem by using the new function,
device_create_vargs().

Many thanks to Arthur Jones <ajones@riverbed.com> for reporting the bug,
and testing patches out.

Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Arthur Jones <ajones@riverbed.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2008-05-20 13:31:53 -07:00
Miklos Szeredi
76f1418b48 mm: bdi: move statistics to debugfs
Move BDI statistics to debugfs:

   /sys/kernel/debug/bdi/<bdi>/stats

Use postcore_initcall() to initialize the sysfs class and debugfs,
because debugfs is initialized in core_initcall().

Update descriptions in ABI documentation.

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-30 08:29:50 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra
a42dde0415 mm: bdi: allow setting a maximum for the bdi dirty limit
Add "max_ratio" to /sys/class/bdi.  This indicates the maximum percentage of
the global dirty threshold allocated to this bdi.

[mszeredi@suse.cz]

 - fix parsing in max_ratio_store().
 - export bdi_set_max_ratio() to modules
 - limit bdi_dirty with bdi->max_ratio
 - document new sysfs attribute

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-30 08:29:50 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra
189d3c4a94 mm: bdi: allow setting a minimum for the bdi dirty limit
Under normal circumstances each device is given a part of the total write-back
cache that relates to its current avg writeout speed in relation to the other
devices.

min_ratio - allows one to assign a minimum portion of the write-back cache to
a particular device.  This is useful in situations where you might want to
provide a minimum QoS.  (One request for this feature came from flash based
storage people who wanted to avoid writing out at all costs - they of course
needed some pdflush hacks as well)

max_ratio - allows one to assign a maximum portion of the dirty limit to a
particular device.  This is useful in situations where you want to avoid one
device taking all or most of the write-back cache.  Eg.  an NFS mount that is
prone to get stuck, or a FUSE mount which you don't trust to play fair.

Add "min_ratio" to /sys/class/bdi.  This indicates the minimum percentage of
the global dirty threshold allocated to this bdi.

[mszeredi@suse.cz]

 - fix parsing in min_ratio_store()
 - document new sysfs attribute

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-30 08:29:50 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra
cf0ca9fe5d mm: bdi: export BDI attributes in sysfs
Provide a place in sysfs (/sys/class/bdi) for the backing_dev_info object.
This allows us to see and set the various BDI specific variables.

In particular this properly exposes the read-ahead window for all relevant
users and /sys/block/<block>/queue/read_ahead_kb should be deprecated.

With patient help from Kay Sievers and Greg KH

[mszeredi@suse.cz]

 - split off NFS and FUSE changes into separate patches
 - document new sysfs attributes under Documentation/ABI
 - do bdi_class_init as a core_initcall, otherwise the "default" BDI
   won't be initialized
 - remove bdi_init_fmt macro, it's not used very much

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix ia64 warning]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Acked-by: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-30 08:29:49 -07:00
Denis Cheng
4b01a0b161 mm/backing-dev.c: fix percpu_counter_destroy call bug in bdi_init
this call should use the array index j, not i.  But with this approach, just
one int i is enough, int j is not needed.

Signed-off-by: Denis Cheng <crquan@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-12-05 09:21:18 -08:00
Peter Zijlstra
04fbfdc14e mm: per device dirty threshold
Scale writeback cache per backing device, proportional to its writeout speed.

By decoupling the BDI dirty thresholds a number of problems we currently have
will go away, namely:

 - mutual interference starvation (for any number of BDIs);
 - deadlocks with stacked BDIs (loop, FUSE and local NFS mounts).

It might be that all dirty pages are for a single BDI while other BDIs are
idling. By giving each BDI a 'fair' share of the dirty limit, each one can have
dirty pages outstanding and make progress.

A global threshold also creates a deadlock for stacked BDIs; when A writes to
B, and A generates enough dirty pages to get throttled, B will never start
writeback until the dirty pages go away. Again, by giving each BDI its own
'independent' dirty limit, this problem is avoided.

So the problem is to determine how to distribute the total dirty limit across
the BDIs fairly and efficiently. A DBI that has a large dirty limit but does
not have any dirty pages outstanding is a waste.

What is done is to keep a floating proportion between the DBIs based on
writeback completions. This way faster/more active devices get a larger share
than slower/idle devices.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warnings]
[hugh@veritas.com: Fix occasional hang when a task couldn't get out of balance_dirty_pages]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-17 08:42:45 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra
b2e8fb6efa mm: scalable bdi statistics counters
Provide scalable per backing_dev_info statistics counters.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-17 08:42:45 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra
c4dc4beed2 nfs: remove congestion_end()
These patches aim to improve balance_dirty_pages() and directly address three
issues:
  1) inter device starvation
  2) stacked device deadlocks
  3) inter process starvation

1 and 2 are a direct result from removing the global dirty limit and using
per device dirty limits. By giving each device its own dirty limit is will
no longer starve another device, and the cyclic dependancy on the dirty limit
is broken.

In order to efficiently distribute the dirty limit across the independant
devices a floating proportion is used, this will allocate a share of the total
limit proportional to the device's recent activity.

3 is done by also scaling the dirty limit proportional to the current task's
recent dirty rate.

This patch:

nfs: remove congestion_end().  It's redundant, clear_bdi_congested() already
wakes the waiters.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-17 08:42:44 -07:00
Adrian Bunk
8f8a68ee48 remove mm/backing-dev.c:congestion_wait_interruptible()
congestion_wait_interruptible() is no longer used.

Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-16 09:05:52 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra
89a09141df [PATCH] nfs: fix congestion control
The current NFS client congestion logic is severly broken, it marks the
backing device congested during each nfs_writepages() call but doesn't
mirror this in nfs_writepage() which makes for deadlocks.  Also it
implements its own waitqueue.

Replace this by a more regular congestion implementation that puts a cap on
the number of active writeback pages and uses the bdi congestion waitqueue.

Also always use an interruptible wait since it makes sense to be able to
SIGKILL the process even for mounts without 'intr'.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-03-16 19:25:05 -07:00
Andrew Morton
3fcfab16c5 [PATCH] separate bdi congestion functions from queue congestion functions
Separate out the concept of "queue congestion" from "backing-dev congestion".
Congestion is a backing-dev concept, not a queue concept.

The blk_* congestion functions are retained, as wrappers around the core
backing-dev congestion functions.

This proper layering is needed so that NFS can cleanly use the congestion
functions, and so that CONFIG_BLOCK=n actually links.

Cc: "Thomas Maier" <balagi@justmail.de>
Cc: "Jens Axboe" <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Osterlund <petero2@telia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-20 10:26:35 -07:00