This patch marks a number of allocations that are either short-lived such as
network buffers or are reclaimable such as inode allocations. When something
like updatedb is called, long-lived and unmovable kernel allocations tend to
be spread throughout the address space which increases fragmentation.
This patch groups these allocations together as much as possible by adding a
new MIGRATE_TYPE. The MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE type is for allocations that can be
reclaimed on demand, but not moved. i.e. they can be migrated by deleting
them and re-reading the information from elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
cpusets try to ensure that any node added to a cpuset's mems_allowed is
on-line and contains memory. The assumption was that online nodes contained
memory. Thus, it is possible to add memoryless nodes to a cpuset and then add
tasks to this cpuset. This results in continuous series of oom-kill and
apparent system hang.
Change cpusets to use node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY] [a.k.a. node_memory_map] in
place of node_online_map when vetting memories. Return error if admin
attempts to write a non-empty mems_allowed node mask containing only
memoryless-nodes.
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@skynet.ie>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Processors on memoryless nodes must be able to fall back to remote nodes in
order to get a profiling buffer. This may lead to excessive NUMA traffic but
I think we should allow this rather than failing.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Acked-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@hp.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@skynet.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
x86(-64) are the last architectures still using the page fault notifier
cruft for the kprobes page fault hook. This patch converts them to the
proper direct calls, and removes the now unused pagefault notifier bits
aswell as the cruft in kprobes.c that was related to this mess.
I know Andi didn't really like this, but all other architecture maintainers
agreed the direct calls are much better and besides the obvious cruft
removal a common way of dealing with kprobes across architectures is
important aswell.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix sparc64]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert cpu_sibling_map from a static array sized by NR_CPUS to a per_cpu
variable. This saves sizeof(cpumask_t) * NR unused cpus. Access is mostly
from startup and CPU HOTPLUG functions.
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: "Siddha, Suresh B" <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Optionally add a boot delay after each kernel printk() call, crudely
measured in milliseconds, with a maximum delay of 10 seconds per printk.
Enable CONFIG_BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY=y and then add (e.g.):
"lpj=loops_per_jiffy boot_delay=100"
to the kernel command line.
It has been useful in cases like "during boot, my machine just reboots or the
screen goes black" by slowing down printk, (and adding initcall_debug), we can
usually see the last thing that happened before the lights went out which is
usually a valuable clue.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: not all architectures implement CONFIG_HZ]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix lots of stuff]
[bunk@stusta.de: kernel/printk.c: make 2 variables static]
[heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com: fix slow down printk on boot compile error]
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Identical handlers of PTRACE_DETACH go into ptrace_request().
Not touching compat code.
Not touching archs that don't call ptrace_request.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@sw.ru>
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* git://git.linux-nfs.org/pub/linux/nfs-2.6: (131 commits)
NFSv4: Fix a typo in nfs_inode_reclaim_delegation
NFS: Add a boot parameter to disable 64 bit inode numbers
NFS: nfs_refresh_inode should clear cache_validity flags on success
NFS: Fix a connectathon regression in NFSv3 and NFSv4
NFS: Use nfs_refresh_inode() in ops that aren't expected to change the inode
SUNRPC: Don't call xprt_release in call refresh
SUNRPC: Don't call xprt_release() if call_allocate fails
SUNRPC: Fix buggy UDP transmission
[23/37] Clean up duplicate includes in
[2.6 patch] net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c: make struct rpcb_program static
SUNRPC: Use correct type in buffer length calculations
SUNRPC: Fix default hostname created in rpc_create()
nfs: add server port to rpc_pipe info file
NFS: Get rid of some obsolete macros
NFS: Simplify filehandle revalidation
NFS: Ensure that nfs_link() returns a hashed dentry
NFS: Be strict about dentry revalidation when doing exclusive create
NFS: Don't zap the readdir caches upon error
NFS: Remove the redundant nfs_reval_fsid()
NFSv3: Always use directory post-op attributes in nfs3_proc_lookup
...
Fix up trivial conflict due to sock_owned_by_user() cleanup manually in
net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
make sure sync wakeups preempt too - the scheduler will not
overschedule as we've got various throttles against that.
As a result, sync wakeups can be used more widely in the kernel
(to signal wakeup affinity between tasks), and no arbitrary
latencies will be introduced either.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
make sync wakeups affine for cache-cold tasks: if a cache-cold task
is woken up by a sync wakeup then use the opportunity to migrate it
straight away. (the two tasks are 'related' because they communicate)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
modify account_system_time() to add cputime to cpustat->guest if we are
running a VCPU. We add this cputime to cpustat->user instead of
cpustat->system because this part of KVM code is in fact user code
although it is executed in the kernel. We duplicate VCPU time between
guest and user to allow an unmodified "top(1)" to display correct value.
A modified "top(1)" is able to display good cpu user time and cpu guest
time by subtracting cpu guest time from cpu user time. Update "gtime" in
task_struct accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <Laurent.Vivier@bull.net>
Acked-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
like for cpustat, introduce the "gtime" (guest time of the task) and
"cgtime" (guest time of the task children) fields for the
tasks. Modify signal_struct and task_struct.
Modify /proc/<pid>/stat to display these new fields.
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <Laurent.Vivier@bull.net>
Acked-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
we had an incorrect-terminator bug in sd_alloc_ctl_domain_table()
before, so add a comment that documents it.
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Now that we are calling this at runtime, a more relaxed error path is
suggested. If an allocation fails, we just register the partial table,
which will show empty directories.
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Unregister and free the sysctl table before destroying domains, then
rebuild and register after creating the new domains. This prevents the
sysctl table from pointing to freed memory for root to write.
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
init_sched_domain_sysctl was walking cpus 0-n and referencing per_cpu
variables. If the cpus_possible mask is not contigious this will result
in a crash referencing unallocated data. If the online mask is not
contigious then we would show offline cpus and miss online ones.
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
kcalloc checks for n * sizeof(element) overflows and it zeros.
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
In general, struct file_operations are const in the kernel, to not have
false cacheline sharing and to catch bugs at compiletime with accidental
writes to them. The new scheduler code introduces a new non-const one;
fix this up.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
activate task_hot() only for fair-scheduled tasks (i.e. disable it
for RT tasks).
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
reintroduce a simplified version of cache-hot/cold scheduling
affinity. This improves performance with certain SMP workloads,
such as sysbench.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
speed up context-switches a bit by not clearing p->exec_start.
(as a side-effect, this also makes p->exec_start a universal timestamp
available to cache-hot estimations.)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Generate uevents when a user is being created/destroyed. These events
can be used to configure cpu share of a new user.
Signed-off-by: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
do not normalize kernel threads via SysRq-N: the migration threads,
softlockup threads, etc. might be essential for the system to
function properly. So only zap user tasks.
pointed out by Andi Kleen.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
remove stale comment from sched_group_set_shares().
Function never returns -EINVAL.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Replace a particularly ugly ifdef with an inline and a new macro.
Also split up the function to be easier to read.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Refactor common code of sleep_on / wait_for_completion
These functions were largely cut'n'pasted. This moves
the common code into single helpers instead. Advantage
is about 1k less code on x86-64 and 91 lines of code removed.
It adds one function call to the non timeout version of
the functions; i don't expect this to be measurable.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Prevent wakeup over-scheduling. Once a task has been preempted by a
task of the same or lower priority, it becomes ineligible for repeated
preemption by same until it has been ticked, or slept. Instead, the
task is marked for preemption at the next tick. Tasks of higher
priority still preempt immediately.
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Implement feature bit to disable forced preemption. This way
it can be checked whether a workload is overscheduling or not.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The following patch (sched: disable sleeper_fairness on SCHED_BATCH)
seems to break GROUP_SCHED. Although, it may be 'oops'-less due to the
possibility of 'p' being always a valid address.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Adamushko <dmitry.adamushko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
cache_nice_tries and flags entry do not appear in proc fs sched_domain
directory, because ctl_table entry is skipped.
This patch fixes the issue.
Signed-off-by: Zou Nan hai <nanhai.zou@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
yield() in wait_task_inactive(), can cause a high priority thread to be
scheduled back in, and there by loop forever while it is waiting for some
lower priority thread which is unfortunately still on the runqueue.
Use schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1) instead.
Signed-off-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Credit: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add tunables in sysfs to modify a user's cpu share.
A directory is created in sysfs for each new user in the system.
/sys/kernel/uids/<uid>/cpu_share
Reading this file returns the cpu shares granted for the user.
Writing into this file modifies the cpu share for the user. Only an
administrator is allowed to modify a user's cpu share.
Ex:
# cd /sys/kernel/uids/
# cat 512/cpu_share
1024
# echo 2048 > 512/cpu_share
# cat 512/cpu_share
2048
#
Signed-off-by: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
disable sleeper fairness for batch tasks - they are about
batch processing after all.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
unit mis-match: wakeup_gran was used against a vruntime
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
export cpu_clock() - the preferred API instead of sched_clock().
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
noticed by Peter Zijlstra:
fix: move the CPU check into ->task_new_fair(), this way we
can call place_entity() and get child ->vruntime right at
initial wakeup time.
(without this there can be large latencies)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
kfree(NULL) is valid.
pointed out by checkpatch.pl.
the fix shrinks the code a bit:
text data bss dec hex filename
40024 3842 100 43966 abbe sched.o.before
40002 3842 100 43944 aba8 sched.o.after
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Mel Gorman